La insuficiencia cardiaca es una de las principales causas de hospitalización y mortalidad en mayores de 70 años. Y, sin embargo, este grupo de pacientes a menudo no recibe los mismos tratamientos que el resto, ni son evaluados mediante herramientas que reflejen adecuadamente su complejidad clínica. La edad avanzada debe ser una llamada a actuar con mayor criterio y precisión: no se trata solo de edad, sino de contextos clínicos complejos donde la fragilidad, la multimorbilidad y el deterioro funcional o cognitivo son piezas clave que debemos integrar en la toma de decisiones.
¿Qué distingue la insuficiencia cardiaca en el paciente anciano? Pedro Caravaca repasa con David Chivite, Ainhoa Robles y Vicente Romero su fisiopatología, su evaluación integral y los desafíos que plantea su tratamiento individualizado.
Participantes:
Pedro Caravaca PérezCardiología. Hospital Clinic de Barcelona
David Chivite GuillénMedicina Interna. Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona
Ainhoa Robles MezcuaCardiología. Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga
Vicente Romero EstarlichGeriatría. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid
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